Falhas do tipo CWE-434

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Upload irrestrito de arquivo com tipo perigoso

A aplicação aceita upload de arquivos sem validar adequadamente o tipo ou extensão, permitindo que um atacante envie executáveis, scripts ou outros arquivos maliciosos que serão armazenados ou executados no servidor. O risco aumenta se o arquivo for salvo em diretório acessível pela web ou em local onde será processado automaticamente.

Exemplo

Um sistema de upload de 'fotos de perfil' verifica apenas o tamanho do arquivo, mas não valida a extensão. Um atacante envia um arquivo .php disfarçado de imagem; se salvo em /uploads/ acessível via web, ele consegue executar código PHP no servidor ao acessar a URL direta.

Como mitigar

Valide extensões contra uma lista branca (whitelist) de tipos permitidos, verifique a assinatura do arquivo (magic bytes) e não confie apenas no Content-Type do cliente. Armazene uploads fora do diretório web ou configure o servidor para não executar scripts no diretório de uploads.

CVE-2022-2128CRITICALUnrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in polonel/trudeskEPSS 2.9%CVE-2025-34121CRITICALIdera Up.Time ≤ 7.2 post2file.php Arbitrary File Upload RCEEPSS 2.8%CVE-2020-15189MEDIUMRemote Code Execution in SOY CMSEPSS 2.8%CVE-2025-23942CRITICALWordPress WP Load Gallery Plugin <= 2.1.6 - Arbitrary File Upload vulnerabilityEPSS 2.8%CVE-2019-18313—A vulnerability has been identified in SPPA-T3000 MS3000 Migration Server (All versions). An attacker with network access to the MS3000 ServEPSS 2.8%CVE-2021-38484CRITICALInHand Networks IR615 RouterEPSS 2.8%CVE-2026-27540CRITICALWordPress Woocommerce Wholesale Lead Capture plugin <= 2.0.3.1 - Arbitrary File Upload vulnerabilityEPSS 2.7%CVE-2024-23534HIGHAn Unrestricted File-upload vulnerability in web component of Ivanti Avalanche before 6.4.3 allows a remote authenticated attacker to executEPSS 2.7%CVE-2014-125116CRITICALHybridAuth 2.0.9 - 2.2.2 Unauthenticated RCE via install.php Configuration InjectionEPSS 2.7%CVE-2017-6027—An Arbitrary File Upload issue was discovered in 3S-Smart Software Solutions GmbH CODESYS Web Server. The following versions of CODESYS Web EPSS 2.6%CVE-2021-26918CRITICALThe ProBot bot through 2021-02-08 for Discord might allow attackers to interfere with the intended purpose of the "Send an image when a userEPSS 2.6%CVE-2024-11138MEDIUMDedeCMS friendlink_add.php unrestricted uploadEPSS 2.6%CVE-2012-10030CRITICALFreeFloat FTP Server Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 2.6%CVE-2024-32700CRITICALWordPress Kognetiks Chatbot for WordPress plugin <= 2.0.0 - Arbitrary File Upload vulnerabilityEPSS 2.6%CVE-2025-34111CRITICALTiki Wiki <= 15.1 ELFinder Unauthenticated File Upload RCEEPSS 2.6%CVE-2025-3616HIGHGreenshift 11.4 - 11.4.5 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 2.6%CVE-2017-16594—This vulnerability allows remote attackers to create arbitrary files on vulnerable installations of NetGain Systems Enterprise Manager 7.2.7EPSS 2.6%CVE-2013-10043CRITICALAstium VOIP PBX <= 2.1 SQL Injection File Upload RCEEPSS 2.6%CVE-2023-3187MEDIUMPHPGurukul Teachers Record Management System Profile Picture changeimage.php unrestricted uploadEPSS 2.6%CVE-2022-2180—GREYD.SUITE < 1.2.7 - Unauthenticated File Upload to RCEEPSS 2.5%