Falhas do tipo CWE-434

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Upload irrestrito de arquivo com tipo perigoso

A aplicação aceita upload de arquivos sem validar adequadamente o tipo ou extensão, permitindo que um atacante envie executáveis, scripts ou outros arquivos maliciosos que serão armazenados ou executados no servidor. O risco aumenta se o arquivo for salvo em diretório acessível pela web ou em local onde será processado automaticamente.

Exemplo

Um sistema de upload de 'fotos de perfil' verifica apenas o tamanho do arquivo, mas não valida a extensão. Um atacante envia um arquivo .php disfarçado de imagem; se salvo em /uploads/ acessível via web, ele consegue executar código PHP no servidor ao acessar a URL direta.

Como mitigar

Valide extensões contra uma lista branca (whitelist) de tipos permitidos, verifique a assinatura do arquivo (magic bytes) e não confie apenas no Content-Type do cliente. Armazene uploads fora do diretório web ou configure o servidor para não executar scripts no diretório de uploads.

CVE-2021-43829HIGHUnrestricted Upload of Files in PatrowlEPSS 59.2%CVE-2025-5961HIGHMigration, Backup, Staging – WPvivid Backup & Migration <= 0.9.116 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 57.6%CVE-2021-39352HIGHCatch Themes Demo Import <= 1.7 Admin+ Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 56.3%CVE-2025-26319CRITICALFlowiseAI Flowise v2.2.6 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in /api/v1/attachments.EPSS 55.9%CVE-2026-2701CRITICALRCE vulnerability in Progress ShareFile Storage Zones Controller (SZC)EPSS 54.5%CVE-2024-24809HIGHTraccar vulnerable to Path Traversal: 'dir/../../filename' and Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous TypeEPSS 54.4%CVE-2023-6187HIGHPaid Memberships Pro <= 2.12.3 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 51.3%CVE-2024-5084CRITICALHash Form – Drag & Drop Form Builder <= 1.1.0 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload to Remote Code ExecutionEPSS 50.7%CVE-2021-24370—Fancy Product Designer < 4.6.9 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload and RCEEPSS 47.4%CVE-2024-44849CRITICALQualitor up to 8.24 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Arbitrary File Upload in checkAcesso.php.EPSS 46.3%CVE-2023-32562MEDIUMAn unrestricted upload of file with dangerous type vulnerability exists in Avalanche versions 6.3.x and below that could allow an attacker tEPSS 45.6%CVE-2024-48760CRITICALAn issue in GestioIP v3.5.7 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the file upload function. The attacker can upload a malicEPSS 45.1%CVE-2024-42640CRITICALangular-base64-upload prior to v0.1.21 is vulnerable to unauthenticated remote code execution via demo/server.php. Exploiting this vulnerabiEPSS 45.1%CVE-2025-64095CRITICALDNN Insufficient Access Control - Image Upload allows for Site Content OverwriteEPSS 44.7%CVE-2020-36847CRITICALSimple File List < 4.2.3 - Remote Code ExecutionEPSS 44.2%CVE-2022-3552HIGHUnrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in boxbilling/boxbillingEPSS 44.0%CVE-2024-0939MEDIUMByzoro Smart S210 Management Platform uploadfile.php unrestricted uploadEPSS 43.8%CVE-2025-61678HIGHFreePBX Endpoint Manager vulnerable to authenticated arbitrary file upload via fwbrand parameterEPSS 43.7%CVE-2021-24284—Kaswara Modern VC Addons <= 3.0.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 42.1%CVE-2021-27860CRITICALArbitrary file upload vulnerability in FatPipe softwareEPSS 39.8%KEV