Falhas do tipo CWE-434

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Upload irrestrito de arquivo com tipo perigoso

A aplicação aceita upload de arquivos sem validar adequadamente o tipo ou extensão, permitindo que um atacante envie executáveis, scripts ou outros arquivos maliciosos que serão armazenados ou executados no servidor. O risco aumenta se o arquivo for salvo em diretório acessível pela web ou em local onde será processado automaticamente.

Exemplo

Um sistema de upload de 'fotos de perfil' verifica apenas o tamanho do arquivo, mas não valida a extensão. Um atacante envia um arquivo .php disfarçado de imagem; se salvo em /uploads/ acessível via web, ele consegue executar código PHP no servidor ao acessar a URL direta.

Como mitigar

Valide extensões contra uma lista branca (whitelist) de tipos permitidos, verifique a assinatura do arquivo (magic bytes) e não confie apenas no Content-Type do cliente. Armazene uploads fora do diretório web ou configure o servidor para não executar scripts no diretório de uploads.

CVE-2024-6127CRITICALBC Security Empire Path Traversal RCEEPSS 10.3%CVE-2025-40599CRITICALAn authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in the SMA 100 series web management interface. A remote attacker with administrEPSS 9.7%CVE-2020-8866MEDIUMThis vulnerability allows remote attackers to create arbitrary files on affected installations of Horde Groupware Webmail Edition 5.2.22. AuEPSS 9.6%CVE-2024-29272MEDIUMArbitrary File Upload vulnerability in VvvebJs before version 1.7.5, allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code and oEPSS 9.4%CVE-2016-15043CRITICALWP Mobile Detector <= 3.5 - Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 8.9%CVE-2017-11154—Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in PixlrEditorHandler.php in Synology Photo Station before 6.7.3-3432 and 6.3-2967 allows remote attaEPSS 8.6%CVE-2022-46604HIGHAn issue in Tecrail Responsive FileManager v9.9.5 and below allows attackers to bypass the file extension check mechanism and upload a craftEPSS 8.6%CVE-2021-27274CRITICALThis vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR ProSAFE Network Management System EPSS 8.5%CVE-2021-24160—Responsive Menu 4.0.0 - 4.0.3 - Authenticated Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 8.2%CVE-2020-36849CRITICALAIT CSV import/export <= 3.0.3 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 8.0%CVE-2021-24212—WooCommerce Help Scout < 2.9.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload leading to RCEEPSS 7.9%CVE-2021-34624CRITICALProfilePress 3.0 - 3.1.3 - Arbitrary File Upload in File Uploader ComponentEPSS 7.8%CVE-2021-22937—A vulnerability in Pulse Connect Secure before 9.1R12 could allow an authenticated administrator to perform a file write via a maliciously cEPSS 7.8%CVE-2022-34128CRITICALThe Cartography (aka positions) plugin before 6.0.1 for GLPI allows remote code execution via PHP code in the POST data to front/upload.php.EPSS 7.8%CVE-2021-24236—Imagements <= 1.2.5 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload to RCEEPSS 7.3%CVE-2026-12269HIGHAuthenticated File Write to RCE via keepalived in DDI CentralEPSS 7.0%CVE-2020-36705CRITICALAdning Advertising <= 1.5.5 - Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 6.9%CVE-2016-15042CRITICALFrontend File Manager < 4.0 & N-Media Post Front-end Form < 1.1 & - Arbitrary File UploadEPSS 6.7%CVE-2022-42040CRITICALThe d8s-algorithms package for Python, as distributed on PyPI, included a potential code-execution backdoor inserted by a third party. The bEPSS 6.7%CVE-2017-3189—The dotCMS administration panel, versions 3.7.1 and earlier, "Push Publishing" feature in Enterprise Pro is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploadEPSS 6.5%