CVE-2026-40342: critical vulnerability in FirebirdSQL firebird
Firebird: Path Traversal + Arbitrary File Write Leads to Remote Code Execution
Published · Updated
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28Vexday Risk Score
No sign of exploitation. No public exploitation artifact known so far.
ssvc Trackcvss 10epss 0.7%
Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Affected products
FirebirdSQL · firebirdRelated CVEs — FirebirdSQL firebird
In the same product, most dangerous first.
CVE-2026-28214MEDIUMFirebird server hangs when using specific clumplet on batch creationEPSS 1.1%CVE-2025-54989MEDIUMFirebird XDR Message Parsing NULL Pointer Dereference Denial-of-Service VulnerabilityEPSS 0.7%CVE-2023-41038HIGHServer crash when using specific form of SET BIND statementEPSS 0.7%CVE-2025-24975HIGHFirebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on ExternalEPSS 0.6%CVE-2026-33337HIGHFirebird has a buffer overflow when parsing corrupted slice packetsEPSS 0.5%CVE-2026-28212HIGHFirebird has potential server crash via null pointer dereference when processing op_slice packetEPSS 0.5%